Electrostatic potentials in the downward auroral current region

Downward auroral currents from the reconnection Hall-region

We present a simple (stationary) mechanism capable of generating the auroral downward field-aligned electric field that is needed for accelerating the ionospheric electron component up into the magnetosphere and confining the ionospheric ions at low latitudes (as is required by observation of an ionospheric cavity in the downward auroral current region). The lifted ionospheric electrons carry t...

Double layers in the downward current region of the aurora

Direct observations of magnetic-field-aligned (parallel) electric fields in the downward current region of the aurora provide decisive evidence of naturally occurring double layers. We report measurements of parallel electric fields, electron fluxes and ion fluxes related to double layers that are responsible for particle acceleration. The observations suggest that parallel electric fields orga...

Section III Auroral Region

the u.s. policy in central asia and its impact on the colored revolutions in the region (the case study of tulip revolution in kyrgyzstan)

چکیده ندارد.

Characteristics of quasi-static potential structures observed in the auroral return current region by Cluster

Temporal and spatial characteristics of intense quasi-static electric fields and associated electric potential structures in the return current region are discussed using Cluster observations at geocentric distances of about 5 Earth radii. Results are presented from four Cluster encounters with such acceleration structures to illustrate common as well as different features of such structures. T...